Câu nhấn mạnh (Câu chẻ) Cleft sentence

A. LÝ THUYẾT:

I. Khái niệm:

• Câu nhấn mạnh (Câu chẻ) được dùng để nhấn mạnh vào một đối tượng hay một sự vật, sự việc nào đó
• Thường được chia làm hai vế: Vế chính và vế sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ.
• Được dùng để nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ, tân ngữ hoặc trạng từ trong câu.

Ví dụ:

My brother collected these foreign stamps.

 -> It was my brother who collected these foreign stamps.

I met Daisy on the way to school.

-> It was Daisy who(m) I met on the way to school.

 We first met in December.

-> It was in December that we first met.

II. Cấu trúc:

• Nhấn mạnh chủ ngữ:
• Chủ ngữ là người: It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (người) + who/that + V + O

Ví dụ:

Mr. Hung teaches English at my school
-> It is Mr Hung who/that teaches English at my school

• Chủ ngữ là vật: It + is / was + Noun (vật) + that + V + O

Ví dụ:

My dog made neighbors very scared.
-> It was my dog that made neighbors very scared.

• Nhấn mạnh tân ngữ:
• Tân ngữ là người: It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (người) + who(m) + S + V

Ví dụ:

He gave his wife the whole confidential document.
-> It was his wife that/whom he gave the whole confidential document.

• Tân ngữ là vật: It + is / was + Noun (vật) + that + S + V

Ví dụ:

My brother bought an old motorbike from our neighbor.
 -> It was an old motorbike that my brother bought from our neighbor.

• Nhấn mạnh trạng từ: It + is / was + Adverbial phrase + that + S + V 

Ví dụ:

 We first met in December.

-> It was in December that we first met.

• Câu chẻ bị động: 
• Tân ngữ là người: It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (person) + who + be + V-pII

Ví dụ:

Fans gave that singer a lot of flowers.

→ It was that singer who was given a lot of flowers.

• Tân ngữ là vật: It + is / was + Noun (thing) + that + be +  V-pII

Ví dụ:

People talk about this film.

→ It is this film that is talked about.