Read the dialogue. Who has a problem with their phone: Freya, Archie or both? Explain your answer

Grammar

1. Read the dialogue. Who has a problem with their phone: Freya, Archie or both? Explain your answer.

(Đọc đoạn hội thoại. Ai gặp sự cố với điện thoại của họ: Freya, Archie hay cả hai? Giải thich câu trả lơi của bạn)

Freya: I can’t find my camera, Archie.

Archie: There it is. It’s under your bag. Why do you have to bring it to class?

Freya: I must take it to my photography class today. By the way, I didn’t understand that email you sent me yesterday.

Archie: I didn't send any emails yesterday.

Freya: Well, you might have sent it earlier. But I got it yesterday.

Archie: I can’t have sent you an email. My phone hasn't been working for a week.

Freya: Somebody must have used your account. The email had a link to a competition, but when I clicked on it, nothing happened.

Archie: Oh no! You shouldn't have clicked on the link. You've possibly downloaded some malware onto your phone.

Freya: That's terrible! You should have warned me earlier.

Archie: I didn’t know! Anyway, you might not have downloaded anything. It’s possible that you were lucky. You just need to wait and see.

Freya: Anyway, you need to warn your other friends. That email could have gone to everybody in your address book!

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2. PRONUNCIATION Listen to the dialogue. How is 'have' pronounced?

(Lắng nghe cuộc hội thoại. 'have' được phát âm như thế nào?)

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LEARN THIS! 'Must' vs 'have to'

a. Must and have to both mean obligation. Must expresses obligation imposed by the speaker while have to expresses external obligation.

b. Mustn't: it’s necessary not to do something

You mustn't use a dictionary during your test.

c. Don't have to: it’s not necessary to do something

You don't have to answer all of the questions.

3. Read the Learn this! box. Underline must / have to + infinitive in the dialogue. Then complete the following sentences using 'must', 'mustn’t', 'have to', 'don’t have to'.

(Đọc Learn this! Gạch dưới must/have to + infinitive trong đoạn hội thoại. Sau đó hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng 'must', 'mustn't', 'have to', 'don’t have to')

1. A hotel receptionist ____________ be good at communication.

2. You ____________ pay for the tickets in advance.

3. Examinees ____________ switch off all modern gadgets during the exams.

4. You ____________ leave litter lying around.

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LEARN THIS! Modal verbs

a. We use may / might / could have + past participle for speculating about past events.

She may / might / could have gone home hours ago. (= It’s possible she went home hours ago.)

b. We use may / might not have + past participle (but not could not have) as the negative.

She didn’t phone. She might / may not have known my number. (= It’s possible she didn’t know it)

c. We use must have and can’t / couldn't have + past participle to make logical deductions about the past.

You can't / couldn't have seen Louis in town. He lives abroad now. (= It’s not possible that you saw him.)

You must have seen somebody who looks like him. (= That is the only possible explanation.)

d. We use should / shouldn't have + past participle to criticise past actions.

You should have phoned her before you went out.

You shouldn't have used all the credit on your phone.

4. Read the Learn this! box. Underline the past modal verbs in the dialogue in exercise 1.

(Đọc Tìm hiểu điều này! hộp. Gạch dưới các động từ khuyết thiếu trong quá khứ trong đoạn hội thoại ở bài tập 1)

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5. USE OF ENGLISH Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Include the word in brackets.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai sao cho nghĩa giống như câu thứ nhất. Bao gồm từ trong ngoặc)

1. It was a bad idea for you to lend Jake your phone. (shouldn't)

You ____________________ Jake your phone.

2. It’s possible that Fraser deleted your messages by accident. (could)

Fraser ____________________ by accident.

3. The only possible explanation is that you sent that email to the wrong person. (must)

You ____________________  the wrong person.

4. It’s possible that I didn’t dial the correct number. (may)

I ____________________ the correct number.

5. Leaving your phone on was a bad idea. (should)

You ____________________ your phone off.

6. It’s not possible that Tom phoned Kim. (can’t)

Tom ____________________ Kim.

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6. SPEAKING Work in pairs. Describe the photo. Say what might / must / can’t have happened.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Mô tả bức ảnh. Nói điều gì có thể/phải/không thể xảy ra)

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